Telefocal Certified Submarine Cable System Expert (TC-SCSE)
Course Overview
In this 5-day certification course, participants will gain a comprehensive understanding of submarine cable system networks from both technical and commercial perspectives. The course covers key topics such as basic optical communications technologies, the deployment of submarine cable, and the engineering aspects of network design for dry plant, wet plant, cable landing station, as well as strategic planning (financial and physical). It will also cover advanced-level topics such as how submarine cable businesses are managed through consortium/Private-Public Partnerships (PPP) or private cable operators to provide reliable and high-speed communication networks.
Participants will be guided through the different stages of submarine cable project activities which include proposal development, financial viability assessment, route planning, cable construction agreements, permits and licenses for cable laying, agreements for wet plant maintenance in different marine zones.
Using a telco business as an example, the course will also provide insights into the utilization of the submarine cable bandwidth (share of MAU/MIU) through different commercial products like IP transit, peering, IPLC, DWA, et cetera. To forge product development ideas, the course will also impart key concepts on the underlying technologies over optical networks such as SDH, OTN, DWDM and carrier ethernet.
Target Audience
This course is designed for telecommunications professionals, engineers, project managers, and technical personnel involved in the design, planning, implementation, and maintenance of submarine cable systems.
Key Benefits
Participants will acquire practical skills for managing submarine cable projects and will be equipped with the knowledge and tools necessary to succeed in their roles.
Duration & Training Format
- Classroom: 5 days
- LIVE Virtual*: 35 hours
*Note:
- A minimum of 6 or more participants are required for a company-based LIVE Virtual course to commence
- LIVE Virtual courses can be conducted for 5 hours or 7 hours daily. Please note that the number of training days will be extended if you opt for 5 hours daily.
Upcoming Course Dates
20 – 24 Jan 2025 (Mon – Fri), GMT +08:00
7 – 11 Apr 2025 (Mon – Fri), GMT +08:00
If you are keen on attending any of the scheduled courses, please register your interest via our course enquiry form.
Course Objectives
At the end of this course, participants will be able to:
- Understand the bandwidth consumption trend and the need for more capacity in future
- Identify the limitations and advantages of optical communications
- Explain the reasons for choosing submarine cable over other options
- Analyze different financing models of SMC and select the appropriate one
- Understand the concepts of MIU/MAU and IRU purchasing, selling and consumption over SMC
- Describe the components of SMC network like dry plant and wet plant
- Explain the functionality of SLTE, PFE, C-OTDR, Branching Unit, Repeaters, Gain equalizer
- Decide what type of submarine cables to use at different depths and environments
- Understand how the SMC is laid, fault traced, repaired and what tools are used
- Understand how the wet plant is powered and why on single conductor
- Explain the significance of Beach Manhole and its earthing/grounding
- Understand the activities involved in route survey
- Explain the consortium structure and one’s participation in it
- Identify the committees and meetings in case of consortium cable and best practices
- Understand the process of owning and maintaining a submarine system
- Explain the different optical systems on SMC and possible commercial products
- Identify the product development strategies for IP Transit, Peering, IPLC, IEPLC, (Full circuit and Half circuit), Interlinking, Direct wavelength access on SDH, OTN, DWDM and carrier Ethernet
Course Outline
- Submarine Cable Systems Overview
- Introduction and Interesting Facts about Submarine Cables
- Submarine Cable History: Telegraph to Coaxial to Fiber Optics Submarine Cable
- Repeatered vs Unrepeatered Systems
- Cable Laying Tools: Customized Ship, Grapnel, Plough, ROV, etc.
- Festoons
- Submarine Cable Examples: APAC, Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, etc.
- Project Terminology: RFS, EOS, Estimated Cost, Landing Points, Total Length, System Supplier, Owners, etc.
- Project Phases: Engineering, Survey, Manufacturing, Installation, Commissioning
- Technical Terminology: Design Capacity, Lit Capacity, Purchased Capacity, Number of Wavelengths per Fiber Pair, Capacity per wavelength
- Statistics: Planned Systems, Major Suppliers, Major Surveyors, Cable Faults, Repair Times
- Submarine Cable Technologies
- Optical Fiber and its Components
- Optical Spectrum: Attenuation vs Wavelength
- Limiting Factors in Optical Fibers: Attenuation, Dispersion, OSNR, Non-Linear Effects
- ITU Standards for Optical Fiber
- Optical Power Budget
- Client Traffic: Legacy vs Modern
- WDM: CWDM vs DWDM
- ITU Grid and Channel Spacing
- Components in DWDM Network: Mux/Demux, Optical Amplifier, Optical Transponder, OADM, ROADM, etc.
- Working of Optical Amplifier: EDFA vs RAMAN
- Ethernet Over DWDM
- Key Technologies for Improving Transmission Capacities
- Multicore Fiber
- Repeater Pump Farming
- Submarine Cable Network
- Unique Differences between Submarine Network and Terrestrial Networks
- Components of SMC Networks: Dry Plant Vs Wet Plant
- Cable Landing Station
- SLTE (Submarine Line Terminal Equipment)
- PFE (Power Feeding Equipment)
- Beach Manhole
- Subsea Cable: Composite vs Regular (Unrepeatered)
- Wet Plant: Subsea Cable, Repeaters, Branching Units, Gain Equalizers
- Network Architecture (P2P, Festoon, Ring, Trunk and Branch, OADM, Hybrid)
- Backhaul Vs Fronthaul
- Transoceanic and Coastal Networks
- Repeatered and Repeaterless System
- Cable Landing Station (Site Selection, Space and Construction Standards)
- Connecting Terrestrial Network to SMC Network (PoP2PoP Connectivity, Traditional Model, Flexible Models, Open SLTE, Open CLS, Open Cable)
- Dispersion Compensation and OSNR
- Exercise: Traffic Matrix
- Laws of Seas and Protection of Cables
- International Laws
- UNCLOS (UN Convention on the Law of Seas)
- Major Boundaries Defined in UNCLOS: Internal Waters, Territorial Waters, Archipelagic Waters, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), High Seas
- Rights and Responsibilities Regarding Laying of Subsea Cables in different parts of Sea
- Conflicting Boundaries
- ICPC (International Cable Protection Committee) and its Role
- Clauses of the Law related to Submarine Cables
- Submarine Cable Construction
- Subsea Cable Manufacturing
- Recommendations for Cable Types for Different Environments/Depths
- Rock Armored, Double Armored, Single Armored, Deep Water Cables
- Jointing and Coupling (UJ, UC, UQJ)
- Power Feed Design
- ITU Fiber Standards: G.652, G.653, G.654, G.655, G.656, G.657
- Examples of Subsea Cables and their Layers
- Submarine Cable Project Life Cycle: Planning and Development
- Submarine Cable Ecosystem
- Stakeholder Management
- Project Milestones
Phrase 1 – Planning
- Investment Business Model
- Market Demand
- Risk Analysis
- Ownership Model
- Partnerships
Phase 2 – Project Development
- Construction and Maintenance Agreements
- Landing Party Agreements
- Competitive Procurement
- RFQ Development
- Bid Receipt
- Adjudication
- Selection and Award
- Desk Top Study
- Permitting
- Final Route Selection
- Cable Route Surveys
- Route Position List (RPL) and Straight Line Diagram (SLD)
- Cable and Equipment Selection
- Procurement
- Responsibility Matrix
- Submarine Cable Project Life Cycle: Construction and Operations
Phase 3 – Construction
- Cable Laying Ship and Marine Tools: Grapnel, Plough, ROV
- Purchaser Responsibilities
- Project Risks
- Permits
- Submarine Cable Loading
- Pre-Lay Grapnel Run
- Cable Burying with Plow
- Cable Inspection and Maintenance: ROV
- Dry Plant Construction: CLS and Equipment
Phase 4: Operations
- Operations Administration and Management
- Marine Operations
- Cable Repairs: Vessel Operations, Fault Locating, Cable Recovery, Cable Jointing
- Fault Localization Techniques
- Repair Scenarios and Typical Timelines
- Marine Maintenance Zones
- Open Cables and Monitoring
- Open Cables Defined
- Open Cable CLS
- Challenges of Open Cables
- ITU G.979 (Characteristics of Monitoring Systems for Submarine Cables)
- General Architecture of Repeaterless System
- Monitoring Output from TTE (Terminal Transmission Equipment)
- Characteristics of Monitoring Equipment
- Fault Location
- Recommended Parameters for Monitoring
- OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer)
- Coherent OTDR (C-OTDR)
- Subsea Cable Financing and Ownership Models
- Project Partners
- Private Ownership, Consortium and PPP (Public-Private Partnerships)
- Pros and Cons of each Ownership Model
- Cable OPEX
- Minimum Investment Unit (MIU)
- Stakeholder Classification and Analysis
- Examples of Private and Consortium Models
- Examples of MIU
- Half Circuits
- Financial Feasibility: Payback Period, Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return
- Presales and IRU (Indefeasible Right of Use)
- Case Study: Tonga-Fiji Submarine Cable
- Project Highlights
- Tonga Broadband Growth
- Financing and MOU Signing
- Project Savings: Tonga Domestic Cable
- Conclusions
- Case Study: Sothern Cross Submarine Cables
- Project Highlights
- Landing Points
- Capacity Expansions
- Damage Incidents
- Southern Cross Next
- Southern Cross Cable Products
- Ring Configuration and Drop Capacities
- Purchase Options: IRU and Lease
- Case Study: Kumul Submarine Cable Network Project
- Financing for the Cable
- Role of INA, BRI and NICTA
- Submarine Cables: Kumul, Coral Sea and PIPE
- Project Details
- Conclusions and Discussion
Certification: At the end of the course, participants will sit through a proctored, written examination. The TC-SCSE professional certificate will only be issued upon:
- Scoring 60% or higher in the written exam AND
- Achieving at least 75% attendance for the course.
Pre-requisites
A background in a telco business and knowledge on optical networks would be beneficial.
What is so special about Telefocal's Submarine Cable Systems Certification programme?
With years of experience in the field, Telefocal is a leader in providing training and development solutions to organizations and IT/Telecom professionals worldwide. Our team of highly qualified and experienced trainers who are experts in the field of Submarine Cable System deliver highly effective interactive, and practical training, with a focus on real-world scenarios and case studies.
Our course materials are developed based on years of practical design and implementation experiences by our Submarine Cable Systems experts, and updated in tandem with new Submarine Cable Systems technology and business developments.
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